Could I be lactose intolerant?
Lactose intolerance is the inability to digest the lactose sugar in cows’ milk, and is not the same as a milk allergy. In those with lactose intolerance, the digestive system doesn’t make enough of the enzyme lactase, meaning the body can’t digest the sugar contained in dairy products properly. Instead of being digested and absorbed, the lactose stays in the gut and feeds the gut bacteria, which release the acids and gases that cause the symptoms of lactose intolerance.
Up to 15 per cent of the UK population is thought to be lactose intolerant. Although milk allergy and lactose intolerance can cause similar symptoms, they are very different problems. An allergy involves the immune system, and so typical allergy symptoms such as an itchy rash, wheezing, runny nose and coughing will be likely. Because lactose intolerance doesn’t affect the immune system, symptoms are more likely to include feeling bloated, abdominal pain, wind or diarrhoea, with skin and breathing not usually affected.
Doctors can test for milk allergy and lactose intolerance, so it’s important to visit a GP to investigate any symptoms you may have. Those allergic to milk should not consume any milk products to avoid triggering a serious allergic reaction, whereas lactose intolerance sufferers might be able to enjoy a small amount of milk without any noticeable symptoms. Happily, lactose-free milk and dairy products are readily available and this site has lots of tips to help you live dairy-free.